Frenchman Clement Ader attempted to build steam-powered aeroplanes from 1886 to 1897. The first, called Ader Eole I, had single four-bladed propeller driven by a 20 HP steam engine; it achieved a powered takeoff but only managed some uncontrolled flight in ground effect.
Avion II was never completed, but it has a Wikipedia page.
Avion III had two four-bladed propellers, each driven by a 30 HP steam engine. It taxied but did not fly.
Further reading :
The biography of Clement Ader
The wikipedia page of Avion I
The wikipedia page of Avion III
